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How to measure risk in the commodity market?

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The risk is defined by the bullion tips providers as the deviation of actual returns from expected return. Hence measurement of risk needs data for actual as well as expected returns. Thus, while evaluating the risk of an investment two types of information are needed: 1. Information on the future values of return from that investment. 2. The likelihood of occurrence, or probability estimate for each return value.   However, in real life, we may not be able to estimate future returns, or even correctly decide the range of values that returns could take. Nor can we assign accurate probabilities to each one of these values. Investors only have a single series of past observations, from which both actual and expected returns have to be extracted. Since most investors tend to form expectations on the basis of historical performance of an asset, it is a common practice to represent expected returns by an average return. For example, suppose the annual return from e
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What Do You Mean By Exchange Rate Risk?

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Exchange rate risk is incurred due to changes in the exchange rate of domestic currency relative to a foreign currency. When a domestic investor invests in foreign assets, or a foreign investor invests in domestic assets, the investment of HNI traders is subject to exchange rate risk.  It must be noted that: If domestic currency depreciates (falls in value) against foreign currency, the value of foreign asset goes up in terms of domestic currency and the value of domestic assets in terms of foreign currency goes down. If domestic currency appreciates (increase in value) against foreign currency, the value of foreign asset goes down in terms of domestic currency and the value of the domestic assets in terms of foreign currency goes up. Consider this example. An NRI based in the US invests $1000 in a  bank deposit in India at10% for 1 year when the exchange rate is Rs. 60 per US$. After one year, the rupee depreciates and the exchange rate is Rs. 67 per US$. What is the risk t
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About financial advisors

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Financial advisors may engage with their clients at various levels and the scope of services they offer may vary depending on their skills, capabilities and business model. In several countries, including India, there has been regulatory action in defining the role of various intermediaries that deal with investors. When a relationship manager, financial advisor, wealth manager or other entity, irrespective of the nomenclature used, sells financial products to a client as part of his defined role or business, and earns a commission from the producer of the financial product, there is a potential conflict of interest.  The seller of the product may not act in the interest of the client, but may push products that earn a higher commission. This may lead to mis-selling, where a product not suitable to the client’s needs, or not in line with the client’s risk preference may be sold in a manner harmful to the customer’s interest. The financial advisor has to take utter care about
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All about Initial Public Offer

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It’s really sick to learn about fascinating things like the IPO in stock market via standard theories. In order to understand about the functioning of IPOs, I’ve taken an example for the building of this rudimentary concept. A company has issued 1000 shares of a face value of Rs.10 each. The shares are equally held by the two promoters X and Y. The company decides to make a fresh issue of 500 shares. The fresh issue of shares in the IPO will result in the following post-IPO situation: The issued capital of the company will now be 1500 shares with a face value of Rs.10 each. Promoters X and Y continue to hold 500 shares each. The percentage holding of each of the promoters in the share capital of the company will change from 50% (500 shares out of 1000 shares issued by the company) to 33.33% (500 shares out of 1500 shares issued by the company). Now, the company decides to offer 250 shares of each promoter to the public. The offer for sale in the IPO will result in the followi
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Location: Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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